Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)

 

 

 

 

Introduction to AI

Artificial intelligence is the part of computer science concerned with designing intelligent computer systems, i.e. computer systems that exhibit the characteristics we associate with intelligence in human behavior-understanding language, learning, reasoning and solving problems.

                Artificial Intelligence is a branch of science which deals with helping machines finds solutions to complex problems in a more human like fashion. AI is generally associated with computer science, but it has many important links with other fields such as math, psychology, cognition, but it has many important links with other fields such as math, psychology, cognition biology and philosophy among many others.

 AI is usually defined as the science of making computers do things that require intelligence when done by humans. AI is the study of how to make computers do things which, at the moment, people do better.In today's world, technology is growing very fast, and we are getting in touch with different new technologies day by day.
"Here, one of the booming technologies of computer science is Artificial Intelligence which is ready to create a new revolution in the world by making intelligent machines.The Artificial Intelligence is now all around us. It is currently working with a variety of sub-fields, ranging from general to specific, such as self-driving cars, playing chess, proving theorems, playing music, Painting, etc.

AI is one of the fascinating and universal fields of Computer science which has a great
scope in future. AI holds a tendency to cause a machine to work as a human."

Why Artificial Intelligence?
Before Learning about Artificial Intelligence, we should know that what is the importance of AI and why should we learn it. Following are  some main reasons to learn about AI:

1.With the help of AI, you can create such software or devices which can solve real-
world problems very easily and with accuracy such as health issues, marketing,traffic issues, etc.

2. With the help of AI, you can create your personal virtual Assistant, such as Cortana, Google Assistant, Siri, etc.
3. With the help of AI, you can build such Robots which can work in an environment where survival of humans can be at risk.
4. AI opens a path for other new technologies, new devices, and new Opportunities. Goals of Artificial Intelligence

Following are the main goals of Artificial Intelligence:
1. Replicate human intelligence
2. Solve Knowledge-intensive tasks
3. An intelligent connection of perception and action
4. Building a machine which can perform tasks that requires human intelligence such as: 

    i Proving a theorem
    ii. Playing chess
    iii. Plan some surgical operation
    iv. Driving a car in traffic
5. Creating some system which can exhibit intelligent behavior, learn new things by
itself, demonstrate, explain, and can advise to its user.

Advantages of Artificial Intelligence
Following are some main advantages of Artificial Intelligence:

1. High Accuracy with less errors: AI machines or systems are prone to less errors and high accuracy as it takes decisions as per per-experience or information.
2. High-Speed: AI systems can be of very high-speed and fast-decision making,because of that AI systems can beat a chess champion in the Chess game.
3. High reliability: AI machines are highly reliable and can perform the same action multiple times with high accuracy.
4. Useful for risky areas: AI machines can be helpful in situations such as defusing a bomb, exploring the ocean floor, where to employ a human can be risky.
5. Digital Assistant: AI can be very useful to provide digital assistant to the users such as AI technology is currently used by various E-commerce websites to show the products as per customer requirement.

6. Useful as a public utility: AI can be very useful for public utilities such as a self-driving car which can make our journey safer and hassle-free, facial recognition for security purpose, Natural language processing to communicate with the human in human-language, etc.

Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:
Every technology has some disadvantages, and
the same goes for Artificial intelligence. Being so advantageous technology still, it has some
disadvantages which we need to keep in our mind while creating an AI system. Following
are the disadvantages of AI:
1. High Cost: The hardware and software requirement of AI is very costly as it requires lots of maintenance to meet current world requirements.


2. No feelings and emotions: AI machines can be an outstanding performer, but still it does not have the feeling so it cannot make any kind of emotional attachment with human, and may sometime be harmful for users if the proper care is not taken.

3.Increase dependency on machines: With the increment of technology, people are getting more dependent on devices and hence they are losing their mental capabilities.

4. No Original Creativity: As humans are so creative and can imagine some new ideas but still AI machines cannot beat this power of human intelligence and cannot be creative and imaginative.

5. Can't think out of the box: Even we are making smarter machines with AI, but still they cannot work out of the box, as the robot will only do that work for which they are trained, or programmed.